ACA is dead. People with pre existing condition will now not get healthcare. Don't have money? Tough shit. Pull yourself up by your bootstraps, if you can even stand up. Potential for Medicare to be turned into a voucher program.
Immigration reform is dead. Some form of increased border presence will absolutely happen. Even if it is just an expensive ineffectual wall. Deportations of some measure will happen. Anti-immigrant sentiment will become more accepted and normalized. If you are hispanic you are going to have a rough time. Muslim? Good luck.
Conservative SC for a generation or more. Expect to see more rulings in the vein of Citizens United. Corporations will be cemented as people and they have more money and power than you. Oh and forget about restoring the VRA. Voter suppression of minorities will continue throughout the country. Gay marriage is probably unlikely to be affected but negative rulings against transgender rights may be common place at least at the state level. Republican gerrymandering will continue further cementing control across the country.
Foreign policy wise expect the US to get more heavily entangled in the middle east and a George W. Bush level x 100 of general disrespect toward our allies. Also expect to see a level of nationalist fervor unprecedented in American politics. Putin will be given free reign. We will also see unnecessary and potentially massive increases in military spending. Potential is also here for American forces to support goals that more align with Putin's than the overall wishes of NATO. Any hopes for "small" government will be eradicated by money thrown away in foreign entanglements.
As for the economy Trump is not going to help working class people in places like Michigan. Their jobs are not coming back. The Republican party will not spend the money necessary to help them retrain and enter new fields. Creating a green manufacturing industry was one possible way for this happen. It won't. Trump believes global warming is a conspiracy created by the Chinese.
Taxes will be cut drastically for the 1%. This will further exacerbate the divide between the rich and poor. There will not be an increase in the minimum wage. Government will continue to subsidize the wages of companies like Walmart with food stamps, medicaid and other welfare programs. The people that voted Trump will be the ones most affected by this and they will just blame minorities. Many will also now go without healthcare as the ACA will be destroyed, leaving those that qualified for medicaid or subsidized care without options. They will just blame minorities and many will blame Obamacare long after its dead.
As far as the American political climate Trump's election will make the white nationalist candidate commonplace. You will see many mini-Trumps at the state level across the nation. Qualifications for office like experience in law or politics on some level will now be considered as not required. Celebrities will more likely to run and more likely to win. The American people will reward Republicans for a functioning government not caring that the only reason it is functioning is that Republicans are in full control and no longer obstructing everything.
Following this in 2020 America will re-elect Donald Trump