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China has just released a new white paper on its policy and activities in space, outlining ambitious deep space exploration, human spaceflight and space science projects as major priorities for the years up to 2020 and beyond.
But whats in store for the future is whats really attention-grabbing. We already know of some of these: Change-5, the first lunar sample return mission by any country since the 1970s, probably lifting off in late 2017, followed a year later by an unprecedented landing on the far side of the Moon. Summer 2020 will see the launch of the countrys first independent interplanetary mission, to Mars, which boldly combines an orbiter, lander and rover in one shot.
But these plans have now officially been expanded. Wu Yanhua, vice head of China National Space Administration (CNSA), stated at todays press conference in Beijing that it will, also carry out robotic exploration of the south and north poles of the moon twice in the next five and ten years.
Stated in the text is a plan to attempt to collect and return samples from Mars around 2030. If so, China may actually beat NASA to achieving the type of mission that could have a profound impact on science and human history, depending on its findings.
Moving further out into the solar system, exploration of the Jupiter system and planet fly-by exploration, are other stated goals, while related projects will be implemented to conduct research into major scientific questions such as the origin and evolution of the solar system, and search for extraterrestrial life.
Some other notable projects and developments mentioned in the white paper, each worthy of serious attention, include:
- Construction of a modular, permanently crewed space station by around 2022
- Pursuing space science to drive independent innovation and development
- Opening the space sector to national and international private sources of capital
- Expansion of international cooperation, including developing countries
- Research into low-cost launch vehicles and a reusable space transportation system
- Earth observation, communications, navigation and other satellite constellations to boost socioeconomic progress and a civil space infrastructure and on-orbit servicing
- A focus on outreach, especially to elementary and secondary schools, and attracting world class scientists, engineers and other specialists
The paper includes a section on Chinas Purposes, Vision and Principles, which essentially outlines the countrys policy toward space. This states the country aims to: enhance understanding of the Earth and the cosmos, and utilize outer space for peaceful purposes, but, at the same time use space to, protect China's national rights and interests, and build up its national comprehensive strength.