We'll know the full story within the next couple weeks anyways, but here's how I think the movie will play out
ACT 1 (minor spoilers, pretty much spelled out in the trailers. 10% speculation and nonsense)
Synopsis: Weyland is competing with Yutani. They collaborate with each other (look at their respective viral facebook pages) but are not merged yet. Film is set 30 years before ALIEN according to Etnertainment Weekly.
Elizabeth Shaw and Holloway connect the archeological cave paintings that lead them to form a star map. Weyland, interested in exploring new frontiers and finding new life in the universe (to exploit), decides to take a shot at this and sends the Prometheus research vessel out into space, after the Charlize briefing.
Other than Shaw and Holloway, the two outcasts, you have Charlize who runs the ship. Mr. Weyland is played by Guy Pearce and is Charlize's father or mentor, he is not on board the Prometheus vessel, otherwise he would running the ship. You also have Janek who owns and pilots the ship, the Company android David, and five other shipmates. Charlize's Company interests will conflict with the rest of the crew, and Janek will be the wise old guy type.
On the way to their destination, the crew gets to know each other, such as the scene where David is talking to Holloway next to a pool table. Also, it is shown that Shaw and Holloway have an intimate relationship. The ship finds Zeta 2 Reticuli as X marks the spot, lands, and sees dirt "crop circles". When they follow the circles on this igneous unstable rock (although not yet as molten as it was in Alien and Aliens), it leads to a mountain containing the space jockey ship. They go inside and find a chamber with the big head and alien urns. Right before or after, they send their red ball lifeform scanners out.
ACT 2 (don't read past this point if you want to avoid spoilers. a lot of this is taken from a theatre impression. 80% speculation and nonsense)
Janek detects a lifeform. It is the lone space jockey (huge 8-foot tall bald humanoid creature), the only one of his race alive. After one of the humans activating something in the urn room, an alien pops out of one of the urns and kills one of the 5 generic shipmates. These aliens are similar, but not the same xenomorphs from the other films. The parasite form is snake-like. They do have acid for blood as well, though. Holloway gets impregnated here (but not face-melted like the other guy). Some of the crew retreats back to the Prometheus with one of the urns for study (Shaw definitely goes back), some get trapped inside or lost or decide to stay there (namely David). Here the story is split into two for a while;
PROMETHEUS: Shaw and Holloway have sex or simply kiss. Shaw is impregnated now too as a result (these xenomorphs are small worm-like parasites). Janek says they should leave asap but Shaw wants to press on out of curiosity. She reminisces about her childhood and father, which has something to do about her calling to exploration. Holloway experiences a painful death with a tentacle creature possibly coming out of him. The urn they took on board the Prometheus explodes and now more parasites are roaming about. All hell breaks loose.
SPACE JOCKEY SHIP: The space jockey uses mind control to gain control of the crew members left behind. It doesn't work on David, who discusses humanity with the Space Jockey. The Space Jockey either gets infected by a parasite or heads to the Prometheus to kill the humans. There is a small skirmish in the loading bay where the vehicles come out. Multiple crew members are killed. David, fascinated by the parasite, is determined to save the Prometheus by warning the crew and telling them the situation (that the Jockey or parasite plans to go to Earth). Charlize tries to stop David, possibly destroying him.
ACT 3 (this is all jumbled up, completely unsure how this will play out. 99% speculation and nonsense)
- Shaw is resolute now that she must destroy the ship. She evades the tentacle creature/space jockey and parasites.
- The cloud coming at the Prometheus in the trailers is either natural or a result of the space jockey ship taking off to Earth.
- Janek rams the Prometheus into the ship making it derelict. The Prometheus is destroyed.
- Shaw escapes in a small silver escape pod. You can spot it in one of the trailers. From here she crash lands back on to the planet from the debris.
- With no way of getting off world, Shaw goes into the now derelict ship
- Either she gets into the space jockey ship, and gets into a space jockey engineer suit, to send an sos or the space jockey survives the crash, kills Shaw, and maliciously sends an sos out as a trap.
- At some point in the film, the tentacle creature (assuming it's not the infected space jockey) or parasite change into their ALIEN franchise form. It finally bursts out of Shaw or the space jockey.
Based on everything I've watched, and watched frame by frame your idea doesn't sound correct at all me to, but thats the fun in it. Nobody knows. I think a lot of items you listed can easily be corrected if you watch the trailers frame by frame and REALLY pay attention.
I appreciate your input, but I feel the movie will have a deeper meaning, more twists and absolutely it has been confirmed that the planet you see in the trailer is
not LV426
Let me just say that you should think outside the box. Think about multiple Space Jockeys, Multiple derelicts, multiple environments and smarter plot delivery. Ridley has master crafted this flim, expect more and think outside the box.