wish i could understand this shit
For those people that dont understand what options are, heres a quick lowdown of the
basics:
What are Options?
An option is a right, but not an obligation to buy or sell something at a given price. Call options are the right to buy something, and put options are the right to sell something. These options expire.
If you have a call option, its worth money at expiry if the underlying (stock, bond, whatever) is worth more than your exercise price, because you can exercise (use) the option, buy the underlying cheaply and then sell it at a profit immediately. If you have a put option, its worth money if the underlying is worth less than the exercise price, because you can buy the underlying cheaply in the market then sell it at the higher put price. Everything else is based around this idea.
Example: Call option exercise price is 100, stock is worth 105. At expiry, its worth 5.
Example: Call option exercise price is 100, stock is worth 95. At expiry, its worth 0.
Example: Put option exercise price is 100, stock is worth 105. At expiry, its worth 0.
Example: Put option exercise price is 100, stock is worth 95. At expiry, its worth 5.
As you can see, these options have asymmetrical returns.
What About Before Expiry?
There are a few things that affect the price of an option. They are:
-Time until it expires (more is better, so the option slowly decreases in value as the expiry approaches)
-Price of the underlying relative to the exercise price
-The volatility of the price of the underlying (if the stock price is stable, then options are worth less because there is a reduced probability of big swings getting you a payout)
-The risk-free rate (what people can borrow at if they are zero-risk. People assume the market goes up on average at this rate, all else being equal, so a higher risk-free rate increases the value of calls and decreases the value of puts)
This means that for example if a stock increases slightly in value, this could actually make a call worth less if the market things the stock is now much less volatile, say after an earnings announcement.
The trading of options?
When you buy an option, you pay the option premium. This is a combination of the length of the option, the relative price of the option and the underlying, the stocks volatility, the risk free rate and the market conditions. You will also pay a trading commission.
Options are Risky!
Buying naked options (options by themselves, without hedging them with anything) is extremely risky. Option prices are extremely volatile, and you can easily lose almost all your money very quickly (or make a lot!). Imagine this: you have a call option you spent five bucks on. The option is at-the-money, where the exericse price and the underlying price are equal (say 100 bucks). If the underlying goes up three bucks to 103, thats a 3% increase, but the option will now be worth (possibly) 8 bucks, a 60% increase. Whoah.
What the OP Will have to Do.
To make a little money into a lot, the OP will have to make extremely risky bets on cheap options. You can buy out-of-the-money options for pennies or less, and if theres a big unexpected swing in the underlying price, your options can go up many times in value. I once put a little money into RIM options a few years back, that they went up 2200% in three weeks. This is fairly crazy, because the risk is so high that youll lose everything almost no one does it without some serious math to try and offset the risk some other way.
Good luck OP!