Have you tried Railfan? It looks like a similar game but for PS3. Here's a couple of gameplay videos.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=erRAn7xfB2I
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IkZ2aBI2BR8
Yes Railfan is a similar kind of game.
The main difference between Railfan and Densha de Go series is that while the former records a real video of the train course, the latter plays in a full virtual environment.
Both approaches have its advantages and disadvantages.
With the first method you get a perfect image quality and environment, but since the video is pre-recorded it sometimes can go "out-of-sync" if you do not follow the time perfectly.
The Densha de Go method instead has a fully 3D modeled world, so the image fidelity is lower but the interaction-immersion level is much higher.
That 3DS game should be made with the Densha de Go method.
I remember trying Densha de Go Final a few years ago and really liking it.
I was trying to find a copy for myself here in Japan but even second hand they're pretty expensive, $50+. Controllers can reach $200 easily!
Unfortunately the whole "de Go!" series was dropped by Taito with the advent of HD consoles because it became too costly to build HD towns
