Sit up straight and listen: Amy Cuddy has a plan to help you change your life. And its easy. The Harvard psychologist recently completed a study demonstrating that positioning our bodies a certain way doesnt just tell people were powerful, it actually makes us more powerful. And she has the data to prove it: Standing tall directly influences our biochemistry, increasing testosterone, decreasing cortisol, and generally making us feel dominant. So pull back those shoulders and stretch out. Stand like Superman and youll become the Man of Steel.
What got you thinking about posture?
There is a gender grade gap in the MBA classroom; men slightly outperform women. Its competitive; you really have to get in there. I noticed in class that women tended to make themselves small, holding their wrist, wrapping their arms around themselves. Guys tended to make themselves bigger. Theyre leaning back, stretching out, draping their arms around chairs. We know from studies of facial feedback that if you smile, you fake yourself into feeling happier. We wondered whether just asking people to spread out would help them feel more powerful, and it did.
Arent traits like this fixed?
Effective leaders have a classic hormone profile: high levels of testosterone, low levels of cortisol (a stress-associated hormone). But levels are flexible. When an individual takes over the alpha role, their testosterone rises and their cortisol drops. We found two minutes in a power posearms and legs stretched outspikes a persons testosterone and drops their cortisol. It works for both genders. Its the ratio thats important.
What advice would you give a job-seeker?
One of our recent studies put people in either high- or low-power poses for a few minutes as they prepared to give a presentation in front of a panel of judges. The power posers came across as more enthusiastic and competent, even though they werent posing during the speech. It seems the posing primed their brains to perform well. So if its a phone interview, close the door and put your feet up on the desk. If you cant do that, find somewhere to stretch. A lot of students write and say, I went to a bathroom stall, closed the door, stood on my toes, spread my feet, reached my arms out, put my shoulders back, and lifted my chin.
What about posture during the interview?
You dont want to go in and be totally dominant. But do make yourself as big as you can in a way that feels natural. The power posing beforehand is the way to optimize your brain. Its not that it makes you smarter or more likable. It affects your speaker presenceyour confidence, enthusiasm, and ability to captivate.
Whats next for your research?
One fun study: Were learning how big people perceive themselves. I work with a freakishly tall group of people, and Im 5′ 5″. But after teaching a good class, or when Im feeling particularly powerful, I actually think Im as tall as they are.