http://www.americandialect.org/hashtag-2012
http://www.visualthesaurus.com/cm/wordroutes/tag-youre-it-hashtag-wins-as-2012-word-of-the-year/
Previous winners:
Runner ups were, in order:
American Dialect Society Vote Tallies
WORD OF THE YEAR
MOST USEFUL
MOST CREATIVE
MOST UNNECESSARY
MOST OUTRAGEOUS
MOST EUPHEMISTIC
MOST LIKELY TO SUCCEED
LEAST LIKELY TO SUCCEED
ELECTION WORDS (new category)
http://www.visualthesaurus.com/cm/wordroutes/tag-youre-it-hashtag-wins-as-2012-word-of-the-year/
Previous winners:
- 2011: Occupy
- 2010: App
- 2009: Tweet
Runner ups were, in order:
- marriage equality
- 47 percent
- YOLO
- fiscal cliff
- Gangnam style
BOSTON MARIOTT COPLEY PLACE — JAN. 4 — In its 23rd annual words of the year vote, the American Dialect Society voted “hashtag” as the word of the year for 2012. Hashtag refers to the practice used on Twitter for marking topics or making commentary by means of a hash symbol (#) followed by a word or phrase.
...
“This was the year when the hashtag became a ubiquitous phenomenon in online talk,” Zimmer said. “In the Twittersphere and elsewhere, hashtags have created instant social trends, spreading bite-sized viral messages on topics ranging from politics to pop culture.”
Word of the Year is interpreted in its broader sense as “vocabulary item” — not just words but phrases. The words or phrases do not have to be brand-new, but they have to be newly prominent or notable in the past year. The vote is the longest-running such vote anywhere, the only one not tied to commercial interests, and the word-of-the-year event up to which all others lead. It is fully informed by the members’ expertise in the study of words, but it is far from a solemn occasion. Members in the 124-year-old organization include linguists, lexicographers, etymologists, grammarians, historians, researchers, writers, editors, students, and independent scholars. In conducting the vote, they act in fun and do not pretend to be officially inducting words into the English language. Instead they are highlighting that language change is normal, ongoing, and entertaining.
In a companion vote, sibling organization the American Name Society voted “Sandy” as Name of the Year for 2012 in its ninth annual name-of-the-year contest. It refers to the superstorm that ravaged the East Coast.
Though hashtag has been around for a few years now (first used on Twitter in 2007), it's fair to say that 2012 was the Year of the Hashtag. Hashtagging became so popular that the practice spread to other social media, and hashtag could sometimes be heard in oral use introducing a snappy metacommentary on what had just been said. And as Dennis Baron pointed out, this was also the year that a baby was named Hashtag.
American Dialect Society Vote Tallies
WORD OF THE YEAR
#hashtag: a word or phrase preceded by a hash symbol (#), used on Twitter to mark a topic or make a commentary (118)
marriage equality: legal recognition of same-sex marriage (99)
47 percent: portion of the population that does not pay federal income tax (31)
YOLO: acronym for “You Only Live Once,” often used sarcastically or self-deprecatingly (32)
fiscal cliff: threat of spending cuts and tax increases looming over end-of-year budget negotiations (25)
Gangnam style: the trendy style of Seoul’s Gangnam district, as used in the Korean pop song of the same name (19)
marriage equality: legal recognition of same-sex marriage (99)
47 percent: portion of the population that does not pay federal income tax (31)
YOLO: acronym for “You Only Live Once,” often used sarcastically or self-deprecatingly (32)
fiscal cliff: threat of spending cuts and tax increases looming over end-of-year budget negotiations (25)
Gangnam style: the trendy style of Seoul’s Gangnam district, as used in the Korean pop song of the same name (19)
MOST USEFUL
-(po)calypse, -(ma)geddon: hyperbolic combining forms for various catastrophes (115)
YOLO: acronym for “You Only Live Once,” often used sarcastically or self-deprecatingly (62)
hate-watching: continuing to follow a television show despite having an aversion to it (39)
beardruff: dandruff from one’s beard (10)
YOLO: acronym for “You Only Live Once,” often used sarcastically or self-deprecatingly (62)
hate-watching: continuing to follow a television show despite having an aversion to it (39)
beardruff: dandruff from one’s beard (10)
MOST CREATIVE
gate lice: airline passengers who crowd around a gate waiting to board (93)
mansplaining: a man’s condescending explanation to a female audience (90)
alpacalypse: the Mayan apocalypse predicted for Dec. 21, 2012 (alpaca + -lypse) (50)
dancelexia: inability to pull off dance moves (such as misspelling “YMCA” (36)
mansplaining: a man’s condescending explanation to a female audience (90)
alpacalypse: the Mayan apocalypse predicted for Dec. 21, 2012 (alpaca + -lypse) (50)
dancelexia: inability to pull off dance moves (such as misspelling “YMCA” (36)
MOST UNNECESSARY
legitimate rape: type of rape that Missouri Senate candidate Todd Akin claimed rarely results in pregnancy (94)
HD: abbreviation for “high-definition,” used for things that could not be high-definition 21
feels: slangy shortening of “feelings” (20)
Frankenstorm: term for Hurricane Sandy’s hybrid storm system (after Frankenstein’s monster) (14)
HD: abbreviation for “high-definition,” used for things that could not be high-definition 21
feels: slangy shortening of “feelings” (20)
Frankenstorm: term for Hurricane Sandy’s hybrid storm system (after Frankenstein’s monster) (14)
MOST OUTRAGEOUS
legitimate rape: type of rape that Missouri Senate candidate Todd Akin claimed rarely results in pregnancy (156)
butt-chugging: an alcohol enema, used in college fraternity hazing rituals (36)
Dunlop effect: when one’s stomach protrudes over ill-fitting pants (“belly done lop over the belt” (3)
slut-shaming: attacking a woman for socially stigmatized sexual activity (2)
butt-chugging: an alcohol enema, used in college fraternity hazing rituals (36)
Dunlop effect: when one’s stomach protrudes over ill-fitting pants (“belly done lop over the belt” (3)
slut-shaming: attacking a woman for socially stigmatized sexual activity (2)
MOST EUPHEMISTIC
self-deportation: policy of encouraging illegal immigrants to return voluntarily to their home countries (142)
evolution: change of opinion (21)
Gray Thursday: name given to Thanksgiving as a shopping day before Black Friday (12)
ratchet: slang term originally referring to “urban divas” now used to mean “ghetto” (7)
disruptive: destroying existing business models (3)
evolution: change of opinion (21)
Gray Thursday: name given to Thanksgiving as a shopping day before Black Friday (12)
ratchet: slang term originally referring to “urban divas” now used to mean “ghetto” (7)
disruptive: destroying existing business models (3)
MOST LIKELY TO SUCCEED
marriage equality: legal recognition of same-sex marriage (156)
big data: large collections of digital information used for revealing behavioral insights (20)
fiscal cliff: threat of spending cuts and tax increases looming over end-of-year budget negotiations (8)
superstorm: an unusually large and destructive storm, such as Hurricane Sandy 9
MOOC: acronym for “massive open online course” (4)
big data: large collections of digital information used for revealing behavioral insights (20)
fiscal cliff: threat of spending cuts and tax increases looming over end-of-year budget negotiations (8)
superstorm: an unusually large and destructive storm, such as Hurricane Sandy 9
MOOC: acronym for “massive open online course” (4)
LEAST LIKELY TO SUCCEED
phablet: mid-sized electronic device between a smartphone and a tablet (92)
YOLO: acronym for “You Only Live Once,” often used sarcastically or self-deprecatingly (91)
meggings: a blend for “male leggings” (22)
Windows Metro: name originally used for the Windows 8 operating system (8)
cray-cray: slangy shortening and reduplication of “crazy” (5)
Gangnam style: the trendy style of Seoul’s Gangnam district, as used in the Korean pop song of the same name (5)
YOLO: acronym for “You Only Live Once,” often used sarcastically or self-deprecatingly (91)
meggings: a blend for “male leggings” (22)
Windows Metro: name originally used for the Windows 8 operating system (8)
cray-cray: slangy shortening and reduplication of “crazy” (5)
Gangnam style: the trendy style of Seoul’s Gangnam district, as used in the Korean pop song of the same name (5)
ELECTION WORDS (new category)
binders (full of women): term used by Romney in the second presidential debate to describe the resumes of female job candidates that he consulted as governor of Massachusetts (107)
47 percent: portion of the population that does not pay federal income tax (64)
Romney/Obama: names of candidates used for blends (Obamaloney, Obamageddon, Romnesia, Romney Hood) (13)
Eastwooding: photo fad inspired by Clint Eastwood’s unscripted speech at the RNC (10)
Etch-a-Sketch: metaphor of reinvention used by Romney campaign adviser Eric Fehrnstrom (8)
malarkey: nonsense, empty talk (as used by Biden in the vice-presidential debate) (8)
47 percent: portion of the population that does not pay federal income tax (64)
Romney/Obama: names of candidates used for blends (Obamaloney, Obamageddon, Romnesia, Romney Hood) (13)
Eastwooding: photo fad inspired by Clint Eastwood’s unscripted speech at the RNC (10)
Etch-a-Sketch: metaphor of reinvention used by Romney campaign adviser Eric Fehrnstrom (8)
malarkey: nonsense, empty talk (as used by Biden in the vice-presidential debate) (8)