This doesn't seem like a very good premise for a bill. The act of importing protected species body parts is already illegal. The mechanism for getting something protected is that it is added to the Endangered Species list by the US Fish and Wildlife service (i.e. not elected politicians, actual scientists and experts). Sometimes there's a slight time lag between when those officials start considering like an animal should be added to the list and when their research is done and they're ready to actually add it. The point of the bill is to protect animals that aren't protected but that might be protected in the future, which purportedly includes African Lions.
You know when you're in an office and someone emails you to see if they can call you to try to discuss a possible time for a future meeting? You know when a company tweets that people should pay attention because they're about the announce something big and then the announcement ends up being that they're planning to eventually start a countdown that will end with an announcement? This is going to have adverse consequences. Because people from US Fish and Wildlife service will be gun-shy about proposing animals to be added to the list, because now even proposing changes the way animals are treated. So you'll hear the people responsible create new categories like "Informal consideration of investigating whether it is suitable to propose Animal X be protected". With more animals in those categories, the protections will be ineffective.
Moreover, as the article notes, African Lions were just proposed to be protected last year. So is this saying that there was a material difference between Cecil being killed last summer and this summer? I don't believe that for a second. The poaching and/or population situation hasn't materially changed. From what I can tell, Cecil was part of a subspecies that isn't protected or endangered by international classification. The fact that the African Lion, more broadly, was proposed to be protected wasn't based on Cecil's subspecies, but rather rarer subspecies in North Africa that are endangered. Someone else can check the US Fish and Wildlife service list, but here's the IUCN classification justification for listing African Lions as Vulnerable:
The overall classification of the Lion as Vulnerable masks a dichotomy: we observe that sample Lion subpopulations increased by 11% in four southern African countries (Botswana, Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe) and in India, while an observed decline of 60% in sample subpopulations outside these countries is inferred for the remainder of its African range. In other words, in the majority of its range the Lion meets the A2 criterion for Endangered with the inferred rate of decline over 50% in three generations, but this trend is numerically mitigated by a small number of subpopulations in a restricted geographical range.
It's threatened not because people are killing Cecil, but because (among other reasons) people in totally other parts of African are killing totally other subspecies of Lions. In fact, the population in Cecil's area is masking the real extent of Lion decline among subspecies in other areas. So it's not clear to me there's a rational connection between the species protection element of the US Fish and Wildlife service proposing African Lions being protected and the bill's objective of stopping another Cecil from being killed. People would be bothered that Cecil was killed regardless of the technical classification of his subspecies of lion. If the US Fish and Wildlife Service had proposed protecting certain subspecies of African Lion and not others (rather than proposing it at the species-wide level), then the CECIL Act wouldn't even make it illegal to kill Cecil.
I think if you want legislation to fight this, it requires figuring out
what, specifically, was wrong about this. Is it the barbarity of trophy hunting writ large, the idea of someone smiling as they hold a cut off head? I think this is some of what's causing the reaction, but it's hard to believe this is the primary MO. If you banned trophy hunting, bars wouldn't have stag heads. No one is taking really any steps to curb American trophy hunting, let alone industrial meat production. Maybe I'm misreading this and the people who are most angry also disagree with that. Maybe this is a coastal versus heartland thing where all the hunting states don't care about this issue and all the non-hunting states are angry, but are just as angry about the kind of hunting going on in their own country. But I don't think so.
Is it the ecological threat caused by poaching? I think the perception of poaching and ecological threat is driving this, but as per above it's less clear that this is an effective way to solve the problem.
Is it the wealth and travel aspect, the exploitation of poor African countries by rich Americans? I think this is a pretty big part of it. It comes up in a lot of the anger about this situation. Is it just that Lions are an exceptionally cool species and so no one would have cared if it was an Impala or a Hippo (the latter of which is at least as vulnerable or more than a Lion)? Yeah, this is clearly an element. Lions are seen as majestic and beautiful and regal and special as a species. Is it the aspect that he had a name? Maybe that's some of it, but you pretty plainly can't write a law that says "don't kill things that have names".
I think it's sort of a mix of all of these. The problem is that when the anger is sort of broad-based, felt in the gut, and hard to explain clearly, it makes for a pretty bad platform from which to write legislation. I don't think you'll solve the problem if that's the starting off point. I don't really have an answer. "Ban trophy hunting
period" seems like the most obviously ethical approach to reducing animal suffering (still allowing scientifically-driven population culls for biodiversity and hunting for food and indigenous hunting), but it's hard to imagine that kind of thing getting buy-in because of the cultural attachment large swaths of America has to trophy hunting.