KRS7 said:
Under what conditions can daily prayer be skipped? Such as if you are in an airplane, driving, tending to an emergency, etc... If you skip a prayer do you need to make it up or anything. Also, does the Muslim requirement for alms giving apply only to fellow Muslims, or is aid given to infidels as well?
Some conditions do apply you to skip prayer. Such as if you are sick or when females are on their periods.
Yes if you skip prayer you do need to make it up. Usually with the next prayer you include the previous one. But remember prayer is mostly about intention. If you intent to pray you can pretty much pray while sitting or standing.
DOO13ER said:
I'm gonna go ahead and open up a can-o-worms and ask about the differences between Sunni and Shia muslims. How did all that get started and why do they seem to hate each other so much today?
Sunni and Shia differences are at the same time vast and minuscule. I am Sunni so I can not open speak for the Shias but the major difference between the two is that the Shia believe that after the Prophet (pbuh) passed away, the leader of the Muslim community was rightfully from his family (basically his lineage). They believe his Son-in-Law Ali (ra) should have been/was the rightful leader. The Shia also believe that the main reason he was the rightful successor was because the Prophet's (pbuh) bloodline was pure so thus it should have been Ali (ra) and then his sons and so on.
The Sunni's believe in what actually happened in which one of the closest friends/companions of the Prophet (pbuh) became the next leader. Now Sunnis do not believe in the bloodline being pure or the rightful succession but similarly if Ali (ra) had become the successor it would not have affected the faith. Since the Shia believe Ali (ra) was pure because of the blood line they believe he was infalliable. The Sunni's do not believe in this concept of infallible blood line, they believe you are good on merits. So the historical/political difference is/was that the two split over succession of power. Furthermore the Shia's believe in infallibility of the blood line which introduces a differences in faith.
But asides from that the pillars are the same. Prayer, belief in one God and his Prophets, paying charity, pilgrimage to Mecca, and fasting in Ramadan. The other differences come from the Law, meaning things like what is the exact time for the afternoon prayers which is considered minor and open to interpretation.
I hope that was clear. I know its a lot and I am omitting some of the other detail but basically the Sunni and Shia fight now because the Shia believe Ali (ra) should have been the leader/was the rightfull divine leader after the Prophet (pbuh). The Shia believe since he was denied his right to the throne, there was a conspiracy against him and the household of the Prophet(pbuh) by the close friends of the Prophet (pbuh) who seized power.
The Sunnis find this extremely offensive, especially because the Shias believe the friends of the Prophet (pbuh) were evil men while the Sunnis consider them against the greatest of followers/Muslims. It has led to history of Shias calling the companions evil while the Sunnis reacting violently and declaring Shias to be heretics. The Shias have been largely oppressed because they are the minority group and because Sunnis believe that by believing in the infallibility of the bloodline the Shias have corrupted the message of worshiping God alone and not humans.
I hope none of that was offensive to any Shias here, because I am Sunni so I am speaking from a Sunni perspective on the conflict today. Me personally I do not understand the violence but centuries old divisions, violence, and oppression still leads to anger and hate today. As a Sunni I do not believe in the Shia version of history, but am totally against the Sunnis in their condemnation of the Shias and the violence against them.
BTW if anyone is wondering Shia is arabic for "PARTY" as in group of followers. The term Shia really means "Followers of Ali" as in those who supported him as the rightful successor. Sunni is derived from Sunnat which means "example" or the example of the Prophet (pbuh). Of course both parties claim to follow the Prophet (pbuh) and the followers of Ali (ra) as Ali (ra) is considered to be one of the greatest Muslims in both parties.