Shit.No, you get the starter you're strong against.
Pick Chespin, get Froakie. Best of both worlds.

Also, I heard awhile back that if you don't choose Charmander as your Kanto starter, an NPC will offer to sell you Charizardite X or Charizardite Y (depending on your version), presumably so you don't miss out on it if you didn't choose Charmander because it's a version exclusive item. Is that true? If so, that means that it'd be a good idea to NOT get Charmander so that you can get an extra Mega Stone in addition to the one you get with Bulbasaur or Squirtle.
I still can't decide if I want to go all Fire-type with Fennekin, Charmander, and Torchic (my favorites), or if I want to pick one of each type (I'd go with Chespin, Squirtle, and Torchic).