When your leisure time revolves around gaming and the internet, not having electricity for an extended period gives you a lot of time to think. From reading most of this thread, it is obvious that many of you (especially international members) do not understand the complexities of federalism or the extreme pressures on state budgets. The answers are not derived by simply accepting things that reinforce your pre-conceived political beliefs, or by making sweeping conclusions based on what you saw politicians saying or doing on CNN for the 30 minutes you watched it that day.
First of all, the federal police power is very limited. The actual planning and execution is the responsibility of state and local officals. In fact, it is generally illegal for the federal government to do any of this unless a state government specifically requests it. And it must be said that by most accounts, Lousiana has been misgoverned for a long time.
As the article posted below said, a cost/benefit analysis was conducted years ago and the authorities decided to make the levee strong enough to withstand a category 3 storm. Obviously we now know this was a bad decision in the long run, but it was a political decision that was the product of disparate factors. Right now on 9/2/05 we know that a giant meteor could strike earth and end all life as we know it, but we're not spending billions on a plan to combat this possiblity because it is considered too remote to be worth the expense.
Elected officials have to deal with their constituencies, and it's safe to assume that not even New Orleanians would have accepted higher taxes or reduced services in order to fund an expensive, comprehensive plan to deal with a worst-case scenario that was, for practical purposes, unimaginable before Monday. Obviously it is very easy today to say "well they should have done x and y and obviously this would not have happened." But consider for a moment thinking about this before it actually happened.
Imagine you are charged with developing a plan for this eventuality. For hundreds of miles, there are no bridges, no communications, no power, no way to travel reliably, not even any certainty as to the extent of the damage. The homes of police and other authorities have also been destroyed and they are understandably concerned about their own families primarily. The entire infrastructure used to deal with emergencies of normal scale is obliterated. Before this actually happened, it was simply beyond the power of our society to imagine and prepare for. It's human nature.
Anticpated criticism: But it was the government's job to anticipate and prepare for this.
It is their job to prepare for all crises. They allocated their limited resources and made plans to respond to the kind of crises that have happened before (e.g. Category 3 storms confined to a reasonable area), not an all-encompassing disaster such as this. Again, you can fault them today but they made plans based on reasonable expectations and personal experience, which is what we all do every day.
Anticipated criticism: Look at how awful things are, somebody must have fucked up because this isn't supposed to happen.
Things are awful. I am physically sickened when I look at these pictures. And it's natural to want to blame someone, especially the affected people. But when you pull back and look at this with a critical eye, you see that it was our entire system that failed. The failure could be cost-benefit analysis or our symbiotic reliance on the staples of modern life--instantaneous communication, fast and easy travel, cheap and plentiful energy. But it's a systemic problem, not the fault of Politician You Don't Like or Politician Who Doesn't Look Confident on TV.
No system is perfect, including ours. It performs well most of the time, but not in a catastrophe of this magnitude that essentially takes us back to a pre-modern period. Just because we are largely insulated from this type of thing now in 2005 doesn't mean it can't happen.