If it is like SARS, it has a real problem surviving 40+ celsius. So the food is probarly safe, the main issue would be the packaging?
If you though, take it in a drive through, go home, and like we like to do, nuke it in the micro for 30 secs to get it nice and hot again, you'd be ok. Microwaves destroy rNA viruses sufaces.
Though, ymmw:
From equation
(10), the theoretical absorption cross-section of the virus at the resonant frequency is:
By setting of the PBS at 8.2 GHz as 67.13
25, = can be obtained by comparing equation
(13) and equation
(14).
So far, all parameters for estimating electric field threshold in equation
(12) are obtained. By substituting threshold
Pstress = 0.141
MPa, = ,
m* = 14.5 MDa,
Q = 1.95 and ω
0 = 2π × 8.22 GHz into equation
(12), threshold magnitude of electric field to fracture virus at different frequencies of microwave can be calculated.
Based on
Fig. 3(c), the field intensity threshold for inactivating H3N2 virus ranges between 86.9–236.3 V/m, which corresponds to 82.3–564 W/m2, for microwaves between 6 and 12 GHz. Since the aperture size of our horn antenna was 9.8 cm × 7.1 cm. The required threshold power input ranges from 0.57 W to 3.92 W for 6–12 GHz microwaves. We thus first applied 6.3 W (38 dBm) fixed microwave power, which is higher than all the threshold power input, into the horn antenna for the frequency dependency studies. After considering the transmission coefficient of our horn antenna, this experimental condition corresponded to 765 – 882 W/m2 average illuminated power density on the sample surface, corresponding to the field intensity inside the specimen of 260–296 V/m respectively. For 8–8.4 GHz microwave at the resonant frequency, the average illuminated power density was about 810 W/m2, equivalent to 273 V/m effective field intensity inside the sample. We thus expect to observe the inactivation effect throughout the studied spectral range. As been summarized in
Fig. 4(b), a frequency dependent inactivation ratio can be observed in our experiments, with a peak located at the resonant frequency of the dipolar mode while higher than 50% inactivation ratio can be observed throughout the studied frequency range. At 8.4 GHz, the measured titer count was zero, indicating 100% inactivation ratio, which means that the remaining active viral concentration was smaller than the system sensitivity of 10 pfu/mL. This result indicates at least a three-order of magnitudes attenuation on the virus titer, when the microwave frequency was tuned to the dipolar mode resonant frequency with the electric field intensity 3 times higher than the threshold. The illuminated average power density was roughly 6.7 times higher than the IEEE safety standard for the 8–8.4 GHz cases. It is important to notice that the power density is proportional to the square of the field intensity.
Virus Inactivation Experiments – Power density dependency
To further investigate the efficiency of this SRET effect from microwave to virus and the threshold effect, we further measured the inactivation ratio of H3N2 virus with different power densities at the resonant frequency ~8 GHz of the confined acoustic dipolar mode. Our theoretical model predicted an inactivation threshold field intensity of 86.9 V/m, corresponding to an average microwave power density of 82.3 W/m2 in specimen. Since we assume all power can transmit from air to specimen, power density in air is also 82.3 W/m2, which is 1.48 times lower than the IEEE safety standard.
Figure 5 (b) summarized the measured inactivation ratio for 4 different average microwave power densities of 820, 320, 82 and 51 W/m2 in air, corresponding to an effective field intensity inside samples of 274, 171, 87 and 68 V/m, respectively. It is noted that the experiment with 82 W/m2 in air was performed in a different experimental setup, as shown in
Fig. 5(a). A significant threshold effect can be observed when the effective field intensity inside samples started to be on the order of or exceed the estimated threshold. A 38% inactivation ratio can be observed with a field intensity of 87 V/m, while the inactivation ratio dropped drastically to only negligible 6% with a slightly lower 68 V/m field intensity. With a 3 times higher field intensity than the threshold, the inactivation ratio saturated at a 100% value.
A previous study has shown that to inactivate human H3N2 viruses through thermal heating, the temperature need to be higher than 55 °C. Compared with the 82 W/m2 radiated microwave power density (0.63 W required power input) in our resonant inactivation case, the current microwave thermal heating method to inactivate virus usually requires more than 100 W microwave power at 2.45 GHz
27,
28, which is way beyond the safety standard, in order to raise the sample temperature to be higher than 60 °C for protein denature. It is known that the microwave thermal heating has a weak frequency dependency between 6–12 GHz and this is not the case for our frequency dependent result as shown in
Fig. 4(b). To confirm that our observation is not due to the microwave thermal heating effect, we had monitored the sample temperature change during the microwave illumination experiments with a radiated power density of 486 W/m2 at a frequency of 6 GHz by using an infrared thermal imaging camera with a temperature accuracy of 0.05 °C (CHCT, P384-20). The temperature rise after 15 minutes radiation was 7 °C, from 27.5 °C up to 34.5 °C. We thus exclude the possible contribution of microwave thermal heating effect to inactivation H3N2 viruses under our experimental condition.
In summary, we investigated the structure resonance energy transfer from microwave to CAVs of H3N2 virus in water-based solution. The efficiency of such energy transfer was investigated through exploring the virus inactivation ratio. Based on the proposed damped mass-spring model and the experimentally measured microwave absorption cross-section of a single virus, threshold magnitude of electric field to fracture viruses at different illuminated frequencies can be estimated. After the illumination by the microwave, the plaque assay experiment indicated that the inactivation ratio reaches its maximum at the resonant frequency of the dipolar resonance. The real-time RT-PCR experiment double confirmed that the main inactivation mechanism was through physically fracturing viruses without degrading viral RNA genome. This work not only theoretically and experimentally demonstrates a new energy transfer mechanism between EM waves and viruses, but also indicates an efficient SRET effect. Our results have important implications for the interaction between microwaves and biological tissues, which is a highly concerned public issue. With an observed inactivation threshold with a microwave power density within the IEEE safety standard, the demonstrated SRET mechanism also provides a pathway toward establishing a new epidemic prevention strategy in open public for airborne viruses.