Somehow this explanation just makes your point even more obscure.
You originally said "fails to hold up in many ways".
"Fails to hold up as modern" is babbling nonsense.
I mean your main point was that he doesn't delve deep enough into his characters because he judged them as a Christian, which is just total drivel.
We, as a species, have a better understanding of how and why humans behave as they do, and a more nuanced understanding of many issues political and philosophical, as well as the way in which humans relate to those issues in their day-to-day lives, than we did in the 19th Century. The way Dostoevsky depicts these things, while accomplished artistically in many respects, has more in common with a typical educated man of his own time and has not weathered the intellectual developments of the intervening 1.5 centuries as well as the works I mentioned, and there are more and more apparent flaws in the artistry, from an over-reliance on contrivance and melorama to a relative lack of dramatic complexity to simple things like narrative bloat. The problem is not that the perspective of the story is Christian, but that the manner of conveying his particular interpretation of Christianity is conveyed through a depiction of reality that is more simplified and shows less fidelity than, again, the works I mentioned.
There's our favorite word "dated" again!
I realize that words are in dictionaries, but your post was so garbled that I figured the only way to really find out what you meant by it was to ask you personally. Unfortunately, you still didn't explain what you mean by it, you basically just restated that you don't like it. As I expected you seem to mean it as a code word for "He was a Christian". OK.
Could you try to explain what "modern" means?
As far as I can tell, it's a synonym for "good" in your posts.
Seriously, Google the word moralizing and the first thing it turns up:
"comment on issues of right and wrong, typically with an unfounded air of superiority"
The last part of this is, of course, the part that is the issue, a fact that would be obvious to someone actually wishing to engage in a discussion rather than simply preen. There's nothing wrong with being a Christian, nor with a work of art
being Christian in perspective, but the
manner in which Dostoevsky chooses to convey these ideas was to depict reality in what the intellectual probings of the species in the intervening years has shown to be an oversimplified, often inaccurate way in order to demonstrate the validity of his bluntly-expressed declamations.
So no, I'm not saying that "modern" means "good" - there's plenty of shit that has cropped up in the interim, no question - but given the last 1.5 centuries of artistic and intellectual progress, it most certainly
connotes "better", for the interplay and availability of ideas and styles allows its practitioners to keep the best, excise the worst, find new connections, refine the old, all that good stuff.
Edit: BTW, in saying that I "don't like" this or that, you clearly ignore where I said earlier that despite thinking Melville's work far superior, I actually enjoy Dostoevsky more, for reasons I listed. But I suspect you'll continue to be obtuse, so have fun. I'm out.