USA TodayA federal judge on Wednesday struck down a key provision of a law that is the centerpiece of the Bush administration's legal war on terrorism, ruling that the FBI cannot require Internet service providers to turn over subscriber information and keep quiet about it forever without giving the providers a chance to fight the government in court.
The decision by U.S. District Judge Victor Marrero in New York in a case that pitted personal liberties against national security marked the first time that surveillance power granted to federal agents under the USA Patriot Act has been ruled unconstitutional.
"In general, as our sunshine laws and judicial doctrine attest, democracy abhors undue secrecy," Marrero wrote. "Hence, an unlimited government warrant to conceal ... has no place in our open society."
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The civil case was brought by the American Civil Liberties Union on behalf of an Internet provider whose name is being kept secret by the court. The provider received what is known as a national security letter a demand, on FBI letterhead, to produce customer information. Unlike grand jury subpoenas, national security letters may not be contested before a judge.
Marrero said the provision's "compulsory, secret and unreviewable production of information" demanded by the FBI violates the Fourth Amendment's protection against unreasonable searches, and its unlimited ban on disclosure by recipients of the letters infringes on their free-speech rights under the First Amendment.
Anthony Romero, the ACLU's executive director, called the decision "a stunning victory against John Ashcroft's Department of Justice," referring to the attorney general whose defense of the Patriot Act has largely consumed his tenure as the nation's top law enforcer. Mark Corallo, a Justice spokesman, said the department is reviewing the ruling.
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Marrero said he appreciates the government's concerns about terrorism. But, he said, freedoms must be guarded in times of crisis. "Sometimes a right, once extinguished, may be gone for good," Marrero said.
It appears that more and more of the "9/11 effect" is wearing off.