The fertility rate in Flint, Mich., dropped precipitously after the city decided to switch to lead-poisoned Flint River water in 2014, according to a new working paper.
That decline was primarily driven by what the authors call a culling of the least healthy fetuses resulting in a horrifyingly large increase in fetal deaths and miscarriages. The paper estimates that among the babies conceived from November 2013 through March 2015, between 198 and 276 more children would have been born had Flint not enacted the switch in water, write health economists Daniel Grossman of West Virginia University and David Slusky of Kansas University.
The harmful effects of lead exposure on children's health are well-documented. They include cognitive deficiencies, increased antisocial behavior, lower educational attainment, and a host of problems affecting the brain, kidneys and liver.
Less well-known are lead's effects on fetal health. Literature reviewed by Grossman and Slusky shows that maternal lead exposure is linked to fetal death, prenatal growth abnormalities, reduced gestational period, and reduced birth weight. A 2013 study, for instance, found an increase in fetal deaths and a reduction of births in Washington, D.C., from 2000 to 2003, when lead levels were elevated in the city's drinking water.
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news...al-deaths-study-finds/?utm_term=.ce9b5286d8e9