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http://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/17/world/asia/japans-lower-house-passes-bills-giving-military-freer-hand-to-fight.html
TOKYO The lower house of Japans Parliament passed legislation on Thursday that would give the countrys military limited powers to fight in foreign conflicts for the first time since World War II.
The lawmakers acted despite broad public opposition to the legislation, which has set off Japans largest demonstrations since the aftermath of the Fukushima nuclear accident four years ago.
The bills represent a break from the strictly defensive stance maintained by Japan in the decades since the war, under which it would fight only if directly attacked. Critics, including a majority of Japanese constitutional specialists, say the legislation violates the countrys postwar charter, which renounces war.
Mr. Abe has presented the package as an unavoidable response to new threats facing Japan, in particular the growing military power of China. He seized on the murder of two Japanese hostages by the Islamic State militant group in January as an example of why Japan needs to loosen restrictions on its military, suggesting that the military might have rescued them had it been free to act.
These laws are absolutely necessary because the security situation surrounding Japan is growing more severe, he said after the vote on Thursday.
China condemned passage of the bills, describing them as a potential threat to peace in Asia and invoking the memory of Japans wartime aggression.
Under the legislation, Japan could fight to defend allies, but only when not doing so would threaten the lives and survival of the Japanese nation. Mr. Abes opponents counter that the criteria are vague.
The legislation would allow the Japanese military, known as the Self-Defense Forces, to cooperate more closely with United States forces, by providing logistical support and, in certain circumstances, armed backup in international conflicts. It complements guidelines in a bilateral agreement governing how Japanese and United States forces work together, which was signed by the two nations this year.
The upper house is scheduled to debate the legislation for 60 days, keeping the issue in the public eye and potentially fueling more protests. There is plenty of time for this newfound appetite for opposition to the Abe government to grow, Sheila A. Smith, senior fellow for Japan studies at the Council on Foreign Relations in Washington, said online.