As I mentioned before, teachers and schools function in loco parentis and have a greater amount of legal authority than your boss at burger king does. For instance, your rights against unreasonable search and seizure and freedom of speech are greatly restricted at school- the teachers and administrators make the call here.
And that's not taking into consideration that a corrupt teacher or administrator could most certainly fuck your transcript if they were feeling vindictive or wanted to pressure a student into doing something- Being fired from a minimum wage job and being kept out of college are two completely different situations. The stakes here are simply greater.
And your average student does not have the option to simply stop showing up to school if they're feeling uncomfortable or unsure about an authority figure.