Except they sometimes don't. Have had a enemy point blank with a shotgun and the percentage was 50. I have a feeling there is something off with some of the percentages that are being reported by the game from time to time.
I'm not in a game right now (more on that in a second!) so I can't check, but does the 'Hunker Down' option state that it doubles the effectiveness of cover or that it just doubles defence? It's fair to assume that the enemy can use that ability too. At any rate, my first assumption would be that the 50%-instead-of-100% thing and similar are buffs of some kind that are currently active. For example, I don't know what Muton's 'Intimidate' thing actually does. I'd be wary of crying bug in one of those situations until after checking the 'More Info' button against an autopsied enemy type.
-----
GAME OVER
Second attempt. Lessons? I'm fine in the field. I suck in the book. Geoscape management was what ended things, plain and simple, but that's the nature of playing things by ear and winging it. Satellites man. Fucking satellites. So important.
What specifically prompted the (neat) game over movie was a panic mission in Durban, South Africa that I chose to ignore, since Africa was fucked anyway and I'd *just* started getting some satellites up in Europe and NA. My intent (as in, the only path I could see) was to lock down two continents and regrettably salute the fallen rest, helping out if I could but doing so rather calculatingly. And now I'm not sure you can get by with just two continents. The fall of Durban was my Game Over. However, that specific month XCOM was operating at a net loss of minus-nine Earthbucks, which is something that I figure must heavily weigh on the Council calling you out.
I *think* I'm gonna try running Tutorial again for Game 3 (this last game I turned the Tutorial off). Firstly, I want that free satellite and I'm hoping I can work around the heavy Tutorial restrictions. Secondly, I'm interested to go through it again just to see how much emphasis Firaxis placed on Satellites in their guidance text. I don't recall them being stressed at all.
Oh, a question!
So, I'm finding Squad Sight to be a little unpredictable. Is it not as plain as the ability-text makes out? '
Allows the Sniper to fire on targets in an ally's line of sight.' Because I've *definitely* had turns where sometimes I could not do that. If an ally can see an enemy, but my Squad Sighted sniper can't shoot them, what are the causes of that?