Can I miss quests?
Yes, but think of "quests" as only personal NPC-level things. If you miss talking to an NPC you may miss the ability to talk to them again later, or you miss items or gestures that they might otherwise give to you.
You won't permanently miss big things like entire levels or bosses because you missed talking to someone at a certain point in time. Those aren't really missable.
I think it's best to not look at guides on your first playthrough or at least greatly limit how much you do look at because you'll probably lose a lot of the mystery/exploration aspect of the game. I missed out a bunch of stuff on my first playthrough because I didn't know it existed, but I'm okay with playing it again.