Alpha-Bromega said:
im Laufe +gen - in course of
im Laufe drei monaten, habe ich viel gelernt.
dondarm hat Recht. Da gehört noch das 'von' rein.
Laufe ist nicht falsch, aber bei einigen solcher Ausdrücke kann man das 'e' hinten weglassen. Ich bevorzuge eher "im Lauf von"
Alpha-Bromega said:
längst nicht - nowhere near
er ist längst nicht so machtlich wie ich. - he is nowhere near as strong as me.
or is this one to do with spatial things only?
that works. (there's also a synomym "bei weitem nicht").
'machtlich' doesn't exist, though ^^
you probably wanted to say 'mächtig'. In terms of physical strength that isn't really a good term. You'd say 'stark'. mächtig~powerful
Alpha-Bromega said:
nebenbei or zusätzlich or außerdem? all sources simply say "in addition"
My source doesn't.
nebenbei,
zusätzlich,
http://dict.leo.org/ende?lp=ende&lang=de&searchLoc=0&cmpType=relaxed§Hdr=on&spellToler=on&chinese=both&pinyin=diacritic&search=au%DFerdem&relink=on
'außerdem' and 'zusätzlich' are rather similar, I'd say.
'zusätzlich' is somewhat more literal, I think. (additional, supplemental) you really add something on top.
'nebenbei' is more 'casually', 'along the way', something in parallel or on the side. While the other two can e.g. be used to stack up arguments, 'nebenbei' introduces a more independent issue, that might have less of a focus/less importance.
"In meiner Freizeit spiele ich Videospiele. Außerdem mag ich..."
Here I'd say that 'zusätzlich' doesn't fit as well. It's a new, fairly independent point.
"Für das Rezept braucht man 200g X. Zusätzlich benötigt man..."
'außerdem' would work as well, but 'zusätzlich' seems a bit more "aware" of the first part. It's really supplemental to X.
I don't think it's that big of a difference. 'außerdem' seems to be a safer bet.
For me that's hard to explain. Hope I don't tell you anything that's wrong
![Smile :) :)](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
When you write something, I'd just look at the links I posted and choose the one where the English options fit the best.
Alpha-Bromega said:
neuerdings - just recently, or vor kurzem - shortly ago? is there any difference?
Yes, there is. 'neuerdings' is more 'since recently'. The state has changed recently and at the moment of speaking it's still that way (covers a period of time). 'vor kurzem' is more punctual and can e.g. refer to an event that happend shortly ago.
Alpha-Bromega said:
ringsherum - all around. so like, ich sah mich ringsherum um, aber nie ihn sah! or can it also be used like "he's an all around good fella"
No, it can't be used in the sense of 'all around good' but only for space around something.
Here's another example where 'ringsherum' doesn't work
ringsherum/rundum
Alpha-Bromega said:
reichtzeitig - in time. does this mean: sei mal für Klasse reichtzeitig! can it also mean: die Leistung wird doch reichtzeitig kommen- The solution will come in time (so don't worry!)
It's 'rechtzeitig' (as in right time). Doesn't quite work in the first case. "Sei rechtzeitig!" doesn't work. "Sei pünktlich!" does. But "Sei rechtzeitig/pünktlich in der Vorlesung" works...
Can't explain it, though ^^
It does work in your second case.
EDIT: Oh, snap! Beaten again
![Wink ;) ;)](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)