I've outlined my method here , but it is quite dependent on having a pizza/bread stone or a steel plate. My baking time never exceeds 5 minutes, thanks to the intense heat from the broiler and the plate...
The no-knead recipe I'm using these days gives wonderful dough that beautifully stretches without tearing or shrinking, which means I can shape it within 15 seconds
I had the same issue you describe before when using different recipes, but I was also using some expensive (organic) flour ... once I switched to this recipe above using the cheapest of the cheapest generic flour all my problems disappeared ---> I could fill pages here with talk about dough recipes, but I'm just a hobbyist myself so I don't properly understand all the biological and chemical processes involved. What it boils down to is gluten, and if your dough is too prone to tearing and/or doesn't stretch easily it is probably lacking in gluten.
The easiest things to try with the same recipe you're using know are (1) more kneading (2) more water, though that will give you a stickier dough (3) different type of flour, with a better (higher) proteine content
For 1 you could just knead longer, but you can also try a food processor for small (!) batches as it has a lot more power. For 2, calculate your water % by dividing the amount of water by the amount of flour. My go-to recipe is 70% hydrated, which is quite a lot ... use well floured surfaces and hands ! Another advantage is that more hydration means the bottom won't burn as quickly. As for 3, like I said I get great results with this cheap flour I'm using nowadays. The "premium" organic flour that costs 5 times as much turned out to be pretty terrible, and I can only assume it is due to the low protein content in the flour (neither package actually lists the content sadly). Protein helps gluten develop by the way
Once your dough has all these gluten, it will also retain the air much better inside and puff up a lot more when baking, so it will probably solve all your issues
good luck experimenting !
Also you can of course try out a different recipe
the one VanWinkle posted earlier is probably very easy to work with
speaking of dough, any UK / EU (Iron)GAFfer saw that "Paul Hollywood's Bread" program on BBC (HD) on Monday ? I recorded it, had some damn fine looking bread in it, basically just food porn
... think I'll try out the simple recipe this weekend