Acute Toxicity
LSD is very safe in the sense that there have been few, if any, documented cases of death from overdose. Some of the other psychedelic agents, notably phenylethylamines, are less safe. For example, there have been a small number of highly publicized deaths from Ecstasy overdose (see Chapter 21). LSD can induce an acute panic reaction in inexperienced users, which lasts for a few hours. More serious is the ability of these drugs to induce a toxic psychosis resembling paranoid schizophrenia, including thought disorder, auditory hallucinations, aggressive behavior, and paranoid delusions. In some cases, this psychosis can persist for several weeks and requires hospital treatment. Users of LSD may also experience “flashbacks”—sudden recurrences of illusions and other phenomena experienced under the drug; these can occur unpredictably even weeks or months after the last dose.
Long-Term Effects
As was the case for cannabis, the use of psychedelic drugs roused storms of emotion and irrationality among those who believed that such drugs might ruin the lives of a generation of young people. Cannabis was claimed to interfere with sex hormones and lead to sterility. Similarly, LSD was alleged to accelerate breaks and gaps in human chromosomes, thus possibly damaging the germ cells on which future generations depend or causing cancer in drug users. Few poorer examples of experimental technique or scientific argument could be imagined; the methods were fraught with artifacts and the results impossible to interpret. Nevertheless, such claims raised a storm of controversy in the 1960s and 1970s until finally put to rest.
Iversen, Leslie; Iversen, Susan; Bloom, Floyd E.; Roth, Robert H. (2008-11-10). Introduction to Neuropsychopharmacology (Kindle Locations 8828-8841). Oxford University Press. Kindle Edition.