For me personally, I started off trying to stack vitality and resistances to beat the damage in later Inferno. I quickly realized it was futile as it took some pretty high stats to even make it worthwhile. So I decided it was better to stack all offensive stats and just play as to never get hit. You'll still get hit mind you, but your play will definitely improve as the latter game demands it.
Smoke Screen I didn't actually use until Inferno, but it will quickly become your bread and butter. This will make you use your discipline quite often so I often find in my builds I'll rune Lingering Fog to increase its duration and then I will pair it with Preparation and rune it Battle Scars for heals or Backup Plan for that chance that the cooldown won't proc.
Hungering Arrow is my generator of choice as well and I love Scatter, but I'm finding that Devouring seems to just hit harder in general and has more overall stopping power. Particular mobs are very fast and aggressive in Inferno such as Soul Rippers. Believe me, when you pop Smoke Screen and have 1.5 secs between your death or his, you want something to hit hard.
Elemental Arrow and Lightning Ball is quite good, but you'll want to try Nether Tentacles when you unlock it. While it's range isn't as large as lightning ball, it can and will hit single targets multiple times for very big numbers. This too has become a bread and butter ability for me in late Inferno.
So for me, the last couple slots have generally been utility things. I try to get 5 stacks of the Nephalem buff then kill a boss, so I tend to go for Marked for Death/Mortal Enemy as one of them. When you have this up on a target, one that doesn't die quickly, you can sustain elemental arrow spam for a long period of time. This is huge in boss fights where I can plant and fire, move then plant and fire, etc. I never have to worry about hatred regen during the fight. It's a really great ability.
I often find running Caltrops with Bait the Trap is great for bosses and trash alike. You just drop a trap and stand on it for +10 crit. The trap doesn't need to be activated and you even get a nifty buff icon above your hotbar showing that you're getting it. Works great for clearing waves of trash when coupled with Nether Tentacles and also helps burn bosses down during that plant and fire time.
I've tried many other builds, stun/grenade, Entangling/Screaming Skull (lots of fun), etc. and there are lots of options that work. I heard a bit about people stacking spike traps for some pretty insane crits on elites, so I'll likely mess with that one soon! There are better solutions for different situations, but there aren't any must haves aside from Smoke Screen in my opinion. Take note though, some while viable, will be slower than others for your progression or farming.
As far as weapons go, I've tried them all and while the 2h Crossbows pack serious punch, I tend to prefer the higher mobility of the faster weapons. Bow is probably my personal favorite as it is kind of the best of both worlds. It doesnt hit as hard as the xbow or as fast as the hand xbow, but is a happy marriage of the two. It doesn't hurt that I had a 1100 dps bow drop for me either.
A quick note on gear. I find +Max Discipline to be insanely beneficial, but it only comes on Cloaks and One Handed Crossbows. +Movement Speed is another stat I simply can't praise enough. Aside from those get your usual Dex, Crit Chance/Dmg, Increase Attack Speed etc. If you happen to pick up any Hatred regen or other Demon Hunter specifics then awesome!
Hope this helps!