To be fair, his view (I'm aware that the statement is old and that he's not saying atheists simply get salvation just like that) is still a lot more progressive than most Christians' view about it, at least by my experience.
I think majority of Christians haven't really given any thought to the idea if it's right that you get salvation only by believing in God and Jesus. Like, if you actually believe that (without the caveat that the Pope is talking about here or another possible caveat), I don't think it paints a very nice picture of you.
What kind of a creature would that be that would separate a mother from her most loved son, only because of the son not believing what her mother does? Or a couple, both loving each other as deeply as possible, but one not believing in God and one being a believer. What kind of a person would you be if you believed and worshiped such a being? I really don't think it paints a very flattering image of your God nor anyone believing that.
But yes, there are caveats like what the Pope is talking about. Like, it doesn't matter if you're an atheist in life as long as as accept God when you go to Him after you die here. And that's only one explanation to the problem.
Mind you, I'm still not interested. Like, if God were actually good and perfectly loving, then sure, but I can't see that being true even if God were to exist, which I practically know isn't true anyway - and I say 'know' not in the sense 100% surely as obviously it's theoretically possible, but in the sense that I strongly don't believe there is any divine being and even in the case there was, the probability of there being only one true god is, no offense to anyone, laughable to me on a personal level (and no, that doesn't mean I laugh at anyone for believing that). But still, if God were real and omnipotent and actually loving still, He would see my thoughts and questions and would see that they are genuine and I can't do anything about it and that they don't come from some silly idea of rejecting Him. So whatever.
Thank you ElTorro for taking your time to defend against the stupid fedora memes. Like sure, there are some (honestly, pretty rare) cases in which they can be understandable, but the way people use it most of the time is just obnoxious.