teh_pwn said:
I'm not saying everyone on a high carbohydrate diet is going to develop hyperinsulinemia. But probably about 1/3 of the population as my best guess. People's sensitivity to insulin varies with genetics it seems.
I'm not going to pretend to be an expert on the Japanese diet. Any Japanese gaffers reading this? I'm under the impression they eat a lot of vegetables (land and sea based), fish, brown rice, fermented soy, eggs, and meat.
Brown rice is better than white (it infuriates me that one doctor somehow recommends low fat from this data):
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/10307790.stm
It's not just as simple as the glycemic index. Minerals also play a role, and anti-minerals like phytic acid from wheat and soy. Phytic acid is especially high without fermentation, which we don't do.
Brown rice also has more minerals:
http://wholehealthsource.blogspot.com/2009/02/dietary-fiber-and-mineral-availability.html
Particularly magnesium:
http://wholehealthsource.blogspot.com/2010/02/magnesium-and-insulin-sensitivity.html
The japanese get several times the iodine than Americans:
http://wholehealthsource.blogspot.com/2009/05/iodine.html
which counters the toxic nature of soy on the thyroid (probably, need more studies):
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18281260
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20463299
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17472472
How did you estimate 1/3 though? WRT minerals, you do have to consider that processed foods and tap water are fortified with them. Obviously now you're getting into industrial scale food production so the question is what mineral deficiencies does the general population have and what are the most effective ways to deliver that to the population. But my point is that living on a modern, agrarian, even carb-centric diet can be healthy. Of course two individuals can be on the same diet and have totally different results though.
Do you have any data to support this?
Because basically this infers that the human body's hunger and fat metabolism are inherently broken and always have been. That people always will overeat. Pretty bold claim. Are there any accounts of high rates of obesity in any country before 1970?
And to counter this, refer to the link I gave to Taubes lecture, later part of part 1/7, and beginning of part 2/7. There are tribes that were reported to have an over-abundance of food in the early 1800s - meat, fish, berries, some grains, vegetables, that were reported remarkably fit and healthy. This same tribe then became impoverished and was provided government rations of which were 50% grains. This tribe is now studied because it has the highest rate of diabetes in the world. There are mothers > 40% body fat with 2000 calorie diets with skinny as a rail children. This tribe is the Pima.
Nope, I'm just guessing. My guess is that people aren't eating more because it takes more food for them to feel full, not unless you're talking about an obese person with leptin withdrawl, but that the reason people are eating more calories is because it just tastes better.
Honestly it could be either leptin or insulin that causes obesity. Sort of a chicken and egg scenario.
One thing is certain: not all fat people respond to leptin (the study below they injected people with leptin, some didn't respond at all):
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15743109
" Whereas leptin has been successfully used in the treatment of leptin-deficient obese patients, trials in hyperleptinemic obese patients have yielded variable results. Long-acting leptins have been tried but with no greater success. Other strategies including the use of leptin analogs and other factors that bypass normal leptin delivery systems are being developed. Identifying the mechanisms at the molecular level by which leptin functions will create new avenues for pharmaceutical targeting to simulate the intracellular effects of leptin."
What causes hypletinemia? That supports what I said about leptin deficiency at least.
There are a few theories on this, to which I'm not too familiar.
1. High carb diet causes high triglycercies, and high triglycercides reduces the amount of leptin that can cross the blood brain barrier to reach the hypothalamus. Here carbs/insulin are the cause.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15111494
2. Hyperinsulinemia creates scar tissue on the hypothalamus, making it less responsive to leptin. Here carbs/insulin are the cause.
(taubes refers to this, too lazy to look up right now)
3. Lectins from wheat somehow play a role (here leptin is the cause, but it just so happens insulin/carbs are by chance also around):
http://wholehealthsource.blogspot.com/2008/04/leptin-and-lectins-part-iii.html
For the first point, you're saying that the triglycerides formed by a person having a disorder like hyperinsulilmia could cause them to have too many triglycerides, which could then cause those problems with lepting getting across the BBB? But even if you somehow transfered 100% of your carbs into fat, it'd produce less triglyceride molecules than if you were eating the equivalent amount of calories in fats. Unless I'm missing something here.
To make public dietary nutritional advice, yes I agree.
The implication of having low fat be government approved is that even doctors that agree with the insulin/leptin theory cannot recommend their patients without fear of getting sued for malpractice if the patient has heart problems for another reason.
It also redirects funding for studies under the assumption that Ancel Key's diet-heart/lipid hypothesis is correct. It totally breaks the scientific method and basically halts scientific research in human health.
Yes, doctors are very tightly bound by what they can recommend. My point was that normal people could look at data and make a guess and run with it. Especially wrt health, I think most people really can't stand the idea of their being so many arguments for and against any diet depending on a range of factors. It ultimately means that one diet for everybody just doesn't work.
The advantage is avoiding the chronic and degenerative diseases that kill most people today. Heart disease, cancer, diabetes... admittedly only relevant for those that don't have high insulin sensitivity.
I don't agree with this because if you have an insulin sensitivity problem, the solution is to reduce insulin and tag team glucose metabolism with fat metabolism. The answer isn't to run on a wheel like a hamster while ignoring hunger in hopes that you'll balance an energy equation that's regulation by hormones. That would be like a man injecting himself with estrogen and then doing 200 pushups to spot reduce fat on the chest.
Or a more medical example a gigantism patient eating less to avoid vertical growth instead of inhibiting growth hormone.
In this case, it's important to first show that insulin sensitivity is the problem. And then if it is the problem, you have to figure out whether it is caused by a genetic condition or if it is caused by the person's diet.
Do you have any data showing that native americans ate maize as a major part of their diet? They didn't have groceries, that stuff was seasonal. They hunted bison and other wild game and ate vegetables too.
I actually never looked up the statistics but wiki at least does mention that it was a staple crop of the Native American civilizations. There's conflicting views on when and how it was domesticated but the most common one I've heard was that the Native Americans made a hybrid of 3 different grass species over a period of 150 years. The fact that it would have taken a very long time to domesticate it, and that corn is so domesticated that it can't even propagate itself in the wild, is what made me think that it was a staple crop of pre-Columbus Native Americans.
There are bad things about corn though wrt corn subsidies or too much sugar in the western diet.
ch0mp said:
Something called '
internal starvation' might have something to do with it. All energy is sent straight to fat storage in individuals who have a highish insulin response. Meaning cells in the body aren't receiving the energy they need and trigger the hunger reflex, becoming a vicious cycle. I'd say I have experienced this personally. I can (or did; I don't any more) smash down a 250g bag of lollies without a second thought, then a tub of ice cream, potato chips etc. Try doing it with steak and you won't get very far.
You will find one thing with Japan's diet though - serious calorie restrictions. Or it used to be like that anyway. The Japanese are getting fatter just like the rest of us. Their diet started changing after WW2 to a more western diet. No doubt McDonalds and co have a hand in that.
Thanks for the explanation, I'd actually read about that a long time ago and forgot all about it. But to me, it seems that internal starvation is caused by a sedentary lifestyle coupled with poor dieting. I don't see the point of doing any sort of diet if you're not keeping the calorie count down and if you're not at least trying to do daily cardio.