Immense (15, 000-page) novel by Madeleine de Scudéry published in 10 instalments between 1649 and 1653. Artamène realizes the potential of the roman héroïque, the dominant form in the first half of the 17th c., when Scudéry was its leading practitioner. This version of the life of Cyrus the Great is both carefully documented—Scudéry's sources, notably Xenophon's Cyropaedia, are evident—and heavily novelistic: virtually all the great hero's actions are motivated by love for his beloved Mandane.
Before it closes on Cyrus's coronation and union with Mandane, the novel features endless twists—Cyrus is long disguised as Artamène; Mandane is repeatedly carried off—to keep the lovers apart. The plot is most frequently interrupted when one character tells another's story. Most of the final volume is devoted to ‘The Story of Sappho’, an episode which is simultaneously Sappho's first modern biography and a recreation of the life of Scudéry, often called ‘Sapho’.