So here's the rationale I have for predicting that McAdams's Father and the Psychiatrist are the masterminds behind all of this:
Legit Plot Reasons-
-Our first victim (missing woman) had ties to the Father's commune, our second (Caspere) was in direct and frequent contact with the Psychiatrist, who is an associate of the Father.
-The commune is totally a front for some sort of snuff/torture porn industry. They lure women in, Caspere shoots the films, then the psychiatrist's clinic uses plastic surgery to alter the women and send them on their way.
-The whole case most likely has nothing to do with Vaughn's criminal escapades, the killer's motive is revenge for the way these women are exploited. Perhaps that's why Farrell was left alive, because the killer knew that he had once killed a rapist out of a similar desire for vengeance.
Genre Trope Reasons
-Police investigate both early in the series and are left with no reason to return to either, nor do they gain any solid info from them.
-Both have direct ties to victims, but aren't treated as suspects.
-Chekhov's Gun totally applies to the plastic surgery operations being done at the Psychiatrist's office. The actual killer might have gotten surgery.
-Psychiatrists and cult leaders aren't exactly model citizens in the mystery genre.