WP is attracting the type of customers that aren't valuable in India and Australia - those that are only looking to buy the cheapest device possible. Windows Phone isn't doomed because it's selling too little. Windows Phone is doomed because the bulk of Microsoft's customers are only buying solely on price, and commodity manufacturers like Micromax are going to snuff them out. Quite frankly, the transition that's happening that is WP's "growth" is end users that are ditching the bottom tier BlackBerry phones for the cheap, sub-$130 dual sim WP devices.
Not all consumers are equivalent. Market share as your sole metric is a failure unless your product is a commodity, single-use object (e.g. traditional CPG like Kleenex). Stickiness is important with smartphones when device turnover is high.
MS was finished in the market years ago, when Steve Ballmer famously laughed at the iPhone and then did nothing for 2 years while Windows Mobile rotted like a zombie. Meanwhile, the response at Google was less famously
"We're going to have to start over." Which is exactly what Google did, and the T-Mobile G1 (HTC Dream) launched only a year after the iPhone and quickly gained consumer interest because at the time the iPhone had carrier exclusivity in the US with AT&T.
By the time they launched Windows Phone 7 it was already too late to slow the advance of iOS and then upstart Android, which was being pushed by mobile carriers who didn't get exclusive deals with Apple. Anyone who knows the history of operating systems understands historically there has been room for 2 competitors, because developers really hate supporting more than 2 OSes at once. They then compounded their lateness by resetting the platform with Windows Phone 8 and abandoned the few loyalists who bought and championed WP7 devices to an uninterested userbase that was already invested in iOS and then Android ecosystems.
MS has had second and even third chances. As we've seen with Bing Rewards, when consumers literally won't even use your product when you're paying them to do it, you are at an impasse. There are no cards left for MS to play. They're done in phones. We're nearing 2 billion iOS + Android devices sold worldwide and the pace is accelerating. MS should be happy that Windows is at least making inroads in the tablet space, where people do have a use for a desktop operating system when engaging in productivity tasks.
MS probably won't formally bow out of the mobile phone market for at least a few more years but even they can see the writing on the wall at this point. After Ballmer left, Nadella has been very cautious about pouring money into the pit that Ballmer dug. This is one reason that MS hasn't really done anything with Lumia, it's Ballmer's Albatross and Nadella wants it to go away. He'll probably quietly kill Lumia after Win10's launch when it doesn't do anything for their phone sales and MS stock will go up again when that happens as relieved shareholders buy more MS stock using their iOS and Android trading apps.