Not only is MS dead in the console race, they aren't even pretending to have some distant hope that this outcome can be reversed someday. All you need to see is how they are winding down shipments in several markets, sunsetting marketing budget for the machine, to know its over. Heck, they just made a commercial that tells consumers you don't need an Xbox to play Xbox anymore. Not sure how much more clear cut they can be about it without them pulling a Sega, which they'll never do because why shut off what is essentially free revenue - those mergers aren't paying for themselves.
As for the price increases, the whole market pitch for GP was to create a service that was significantly lower cost than outright purchasing 2 new games a year. Gamepass was cooked up at a time where 2.5 games was about the median in new game sales per year, so coming in at around $120 per year was a goal to try and attract those users who may want to pay that fee and get way more value out of it. A lot of things have gone wrong for Game Pass, and while we can go and litigate all of its mistakes, its besides the point of the question you're actually asking - is Gamepass's days numbered? The short answer to your question is yes. There is simply a growth ceiling at play for Gamepass that they know they cannot break through. The overwhelming majority of GP users are console users, and they have absolutely no reason to believe that their console audience is going to expand. In fact, all they keep signaling is deeper and deeper retraction in their console marketshare footprint, so unless it takes off in a market sub-sector that it hasn't, like via xCloud and its inclusion with streaming devices and SmartTVs, theres really no chance for it to grow.
To speak more plainly to this, lets talk about business economics for a second. When a business within a market realizes that they are growth capped AND that you expect your userbase to begin shrinking in the short-term, the only real option you have as a business is to maximize revenue from that existing userbase as much as you can, while the specific market variables for said revenue continue to shrink/rot over time. A perfect gaming related example of this phenomenon that I like to use when speaking on this topic is Guitar Hero. In the beginning, we were getting Guitar Heroes basically yearly. Once ATVI realized that they had hit a growth ceiling and that sales were beginning to turn, ATVI began pumping out 2-4 Guitar Hero titles in a year, in an effort to maximize revenue. Its a really easy thing to identify once you know what you're looking for. Thats the phase Gamepass is in right now. And based on what i've heard, this isn't the final price for the service either. Its gonna go higher as it shrinks.
No, there is still going to be a machine, but the fanbase really needs to let go of the concept of generations, at least as we were taught to think of them in decades past. This console is meant less as a 'next-gen', despite them using the labelling because they know its what you want to hear, and will act more as a highly niche device for a significantly smaller addressable market than they've ever tried to target in years prior. Gamepass/XBLG still brings in revenue, and the console users who are still sticking around are more than happy to give MS money no matter what, so this is gonna be a product made for them to keep them on the revenue treadmill, as it were.
Its going to be presented as a 'new-generation', but it'll have a price tag that basically spells out what the expectations are for its marketshare footprint, and its going to function in terms of support closer to a Xbox One X or PS4/5 Pro than it will an actual new generation. You're not going to see games from Xbox made specifically for it that aren't also shipping on the XSS/XSX, for example. You're also going to see the few 3rd party titles still shipping on it basically continue to target XSS instead of targetting the machine specifically.
The console will exist as a means for core Xbox users to still have an avenue to keep giving them subscription revenue. Thats it.