Go through a process, yes, but exactly how it would work was never clear.
https://www.theguardian.com/politic...ould-have-to-apply-to-join-eu-commission-says
”An independent Scotland would have to go through the accession process, so it would not be automatic," said Fabian Zuleeg, the chief executive of the European Policy Centre thinktank. ”As Scotland does largely fulfil the [membership] criteria it would be a relatively smooth process."
He said it was difficult to predict how long accession talks would take, but he would expect ”some kind of interim arrangement" while Scotland detached itself from the UK.
It's not clear how fast tracked Scotland would be, I can imagine post Brexit there would be a lot of goodwill within the EU.