The government only destroys money via taxation if it doesn't spend it. Which never happens. I think the bold is incorrect. Spending is the creation of money if it doesn't come from taxation or borrowing (if it is, it's simply a reallocation of resources). Taxation is only the destruction of money if it isn't spent (otherwise, it's a reallocation of resources). Generally speaking
The Fed does create and destroy money on a computer screen but it is not done through the spend and tax mechanism, but rather open market purchases of government bonds.
One can
conceptualize the system we have, right now, in the fashion that I described. Every dollar spent is created at the moment of spending, and every dollar taxed is destroyed at the moment it is paid. So, in this conceptualization, the government doesn't spend money it collects. The government is constantly creating
and destroying money. Yes, it can create more than it destroys over time, and usually does. But the economy and population are growing, so why shouldn't it? Money is a tool that the
population uses to exchange goods and services (
economic activity). More economic activity and more population requires more money. That means the government on average will be creating (spending) more than it destroys (taxes).
No, when the Fed sells bonds it removes money from the economy. When the government sells bonds, it does so to reallocate money. It uses it so, for example, pay a company to build missiles. The government puts the money into the economy in the way it wants to do so (we're hopefully ignoring foreign stuff for this discussion).
Yes, we are ignoring foreign stuff for this discussion (assuming a 0 trade balance). I don't understand what you mean when you say that when the government sells bonds, it "reallocates" money. When anybody gives money to the government (and I think it is appropriate to consider the Fed part of the government), one can conceive of this process as money destruction. This is because the government never
needs to collect money to spend it. Let's say I were to pay my taxes in cash. The government conceivably can take my cash and throw it in the trash bin without a second's thought. If it wants to spend, it can just create the money anew, despite having thrown
my money in the trash. That's why one can conceive of government spending/taxation as creation/destruction
at every instance. It is a conceptual equivalent to what actually happens, and in some cases (e.g., non-cash transactions), is even an empirically accurate description of what happens. (Although even in some cash transactions it is
also empirically accurate, because the government routinely
literally destroys cash that is paid to it and that it deems no longer fit for circulation.)
Of course, I agree the government doesn't have to borrow any money at all. But our current system is set up that to spend what we want to spend, we can only do so by tax and borrowing (for the most part). It's designed as a check into the system to avoid, as you mention, having too much money chase too few goods because unprofessional people (at least in terms of knowing virtually nothing about economics) probably would do just that.
But it's our democratically elected government that would be making net spending decisions, so, again, this reduces to an argument against democracy. Which is fine if you hold that opinion, but I personally am not of the opinion that democracy is bad. (I do think the current political atmosphere is a bit nuts for democracy, but I consider the current political atmosphere to be distorted by, i.e., a product of, economic imbalances.)